The Ukraine language law, enacted in 2019, mandates Ukrainian as the official state language in government, education, media, public services, and cultural activities. It requires the use of Ukrainian in public sector duties, schools, universities, and businesses, with penalties for non-compliance. Media outlets based in Ukraine that publish in languages other than Ukrainian, Crimean Tatar, and EU languages are required to publish Ukrainian translations of all their media. 30% of Ukrainians are native Russian speakers.